{
  "id": 291038,
  "title": "[Survey]Crown-of-thorns starfish",
  "url": "/competitions/tensorflow-great-barrier-reef/discussion/291038",
  "author_name": "John Doe",
  "post_date": "2021-11-27T13:34:12.426000",
  "votes": 4,
  "comment_count": 0,
  "views": 0,
  "content": "<p>I may have seen starfish several times in Aquarium(I don't reallly remenber…)<br>\nAnd I am neither an oceanographer nor a biologist, so I do not know starfish biologically (ofcourse Crown-of-thorns starfish.)<br>\nFor just curiosity, I surveyed Crown-of-thorns starfish.</p>\n<p>A primary interest for most kagglers (including me) may be its appearance.<br>\nSo I prepared the summary. For more details, see <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crown-of-thorns_starfish\" target=\"_blank\">Wikipedia site</a>.</p>\n<h3>Appearance</h3>\n<ul>\n<li>a central disk and radiating arms</li>\n<li>normally range in size from 25 to 35 cm (10 to 14 in)*</li>\n<li>up to 21 arms</li>\n<li>be able to bend and twist</li>\n<li>purple, purple-blue, reddish grey or brown with red spine tips, or green with yellow spine tips(it depends on diet or geographic region).</li>\n<li>a crown-like shape</li>\n</ul>\n<p>Note. According to <a href=\"https://www.newscientist.com/article/2258714-coral-eating-starfish-threaten-great-barrier-reef/\" target=\"_blank\">the article</a> it can reach <strong>one metre in length and weigh up to 50 kilograms</strong>.</p>\n<h3>Other information</h3>\n<p>For more about this environmental problem, you can get the information from below resources.<br>\nI have never concerned about this topic, so I was surprised at this situation.</p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/148359664.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">The Impact of Sea Surface Temperature on Outbreaks of Acanthaster planci on the Great Barrier Reef</a></li>\n</ul>\n<blockquote>\n  <p>If the water temperature continues to increase, <em>A.planci</em> will more often be living within their optimal temperature range and will be more successful, continue to have major outbreaks that devastate the reef ecosystem, and eventually destroy it all together. </p>\n</blockquote>\n<p>Note. <em>A.planci</em> is the family of Crown-of-thorns starfish.</p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.nature.com/articles/srep16885\" target=\"_blank\">Outbreak of coral-eating Crown-of-Thorns creates continuous cloud of larvae over 320 km of the Great Barrier Reef</a></li>\n</ul>\n<blockquote>\n  <p>Coral reefs are in decline worldwide due to a combination of local and global causes. Over 40% of the recent coral loss on Australia’s Great Barrier Reef (GBR) has been attributed to outbreaks of the coral-eating Crown-of-Thorns Seastar (CoTS).</p>\n</blockquote>\n<ul>\n<li><p><a href=\"https://www.barrierreef.org/the-reef/threats/Crown-of-thorns%20starfish\" target=\"_blank\">CROWN-OF-THORNS STARFISH</a><br>\nYou can learn facts of COTS from this site.  </p></li>\n\n<li><p><a href=\"https://www.newscientist.com/article/2258714-coral-eating-starfish-threaten-great-barrier-reef/\" target=\"_blank\">Coral-eating starfish threaten Great Barrier Reef</a></p></li>\n</ul>\n<blockquote>\n  <p>Along with climate change, one of the biggest threats to the Great Barrier Reef is the crown-of-thorns starfish, a voracious coral predator that can grow to one metre in length and weigh up to 50 kilograms. In the 30 years leading up to 2012, coral cover shrunk by 50 per cent and crown-of-thorns were responsible for around half that loss.</p>\n</blockquote>",
  "messages": [
    {
      "id": 1597406,
      "postDate": "2021-11-27T13:34:12.427Z",
      "content": "<p>I may have seen starfish several times in Aquarium(I don't reallly remenber…)<br>\nAnd I am neither an oceanographer nor a biologist, so I do not know starfish biologically (ofcourse Crown-of-thorns starfish.)<br>\nFor just curiosity, I surveyed Crown-of-thorns starfish.</p>\n<p>A primary interest for most kagglers (including me) may be its appearance.<br>\nSo I prepared the summary. For more details, see <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crown-of-thorns_starfish\" target=\"_blank\">Wikipedia site</a>.</p>\n<h3>Appearance</h3>\n<ul>\n<li>a central disk and radiating arms</li>\n<li>normally range in size from 25 to 35 cm (10 to 14 in)*</li>\n<li>up to 21 arms</li>\n<li>be able to bend and twist</li>\n<li>purple, purple-blue, reddish grey or brown with red spine tips, or green with yellow spine tips(it depends on diet or geographic region).</li>\n<li>a crown-like shape</li>\n</ul>\n<p>Note. According to <a href=\"https://www.newscientist.com/article/2258714-coral-eating-starfish-threaten-great-barrier-reef/\" target=\"_blank\">the article</a> it can reach <strong>one metre in length and weigh up to 50 kilograms</strong>.</p>\n<h3>Other information</h3>\n<p>For more about this environmental problem, you can get the information from below resources.<br>\nI have never concerned about this topic, so I was surprised at this situation.</p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/148359664.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">The Impact of Sea Surface Temperature on Outbreaks of Acanthaster planci on the Great Barrier Reef</a></li>\n</ul>\n<blockquote>\n  <p>If the water temperature continues to increase, <em>A.planci</em> will more often be living within their optimal temperature range and will be more successful, continue to have major outbreaks that devastate the reef ecosystem, and eventually destroy it all together. </p>\n</blockquote>\n<p>Note. <em>A.planci</em> is the family of Crown-of-thorns starfish.</p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.nature.com/articles/srep16885\" target=\"_blank\">Outbreak of coral-eating Crown-of-Thorns creates continuous cloud of larvae over 320 km of the Great Barrier Reef</a></li>\n</ul>\n<blockquote>\n  <p>Coral reefs are in decline worldwide due to a combination of local and global causes. Over 40% of the recent coral loss on Australia’s Great Barrier Reef (GBR) has been attributed to outbreaks of the coral-eating Crown-of-Thorns Seastar (CoTS).</p>\n</blockquote>\n<ul>\n<li><p><a href=\"https://www.barrierreef.org/the-reef/threats/Crown-of-thorns%20starfish\" target=\"_blank\">CROWN-OF-THORNS STARFISH</a><br>\nYou can learn facts of COTS from this site.  </p></li>\n\n<li><p><a href=\"https://www.newscientist.com/article/2258714-coral-eating-starfish-threaten-great-barrier-reef/\" target=\"_blank\">Coral-eating starfish threaten Great Barrier Reef</a></p></li>\n</ul>\n<blockquote>\n  <p>Along with climate change, one of the biggest threats to the Great Barrier Reef is the crown-of-thorns starfish, a voracious coral predator that can grow to one metre in length and weigh up to 50 kilograms. In the 30 years leading up to 2012, coral cover shrunk by 50 per cent and crown-of-thorns were responsible for around half that loss.</p>\n</blockquote>",
      "rawMarkdown": "I may have seen starfish several times in Aquarium(I don't reallly remenber...)\nAnd I am neither an oceanographer nor a biologist, so I do not know starfish biologically (ofcourse Crown-of-thorns starfish.)\nFor just curiosity, I surveyed Crown-of-thorns starfish.\n\nA primary interest for most kagglers (including me) may be its appearance.\nSo I prepared the summary. For more details, see [Wikipedia site](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crown-of-thorns_starfish).\n\n### Appearance\n- a central disk and radiating arms\n- normally range in size from 25 to 35 cm (10 to 14 in)*\n- up to 21 arms\n- be able to bend and twist\n- purple, purple-blue, reddish grey or brown with red spine tips, or green with yellow spine tips(it depends on diet or geographic region).\n- a crown-like shape\n\nNote. According to [the article](https://www.newscientist.com/article/2258714-coral-eating-starfish-threaten-great-barrier-reef/) it can reach **one metre in length and weigh up to 50 kilograms**.\n\n### Other information\n\nFor more about this environmental problem, you can get the information from below resources.\nI have never concerned about this topic, so I was surprised at this situation.\n\n- [The Impact of Sea Surface Temperature on Outbreaks of Acanthaster planci on the Great Barrier Reef](https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/148359664.pdf)\n> If the water temperature continues to increase, *A.planci* will more often be living within their optimal temperature range and will be more successful, continue to have major outbreaks that devastate the reef ecosystem, and eventually destroy it all together. \n\nNote. *A.planci* is the family of Crown-of-thorns starfish.\n\n\n\n- [Outbreak of coral-eating Crown-of-Thorns creates continuous cloud of larvae over 320 km of the Great Barrier Reef](https://www.nature.com/articles/srep16885)\n> Coral reefs are in decline worldwide due to a combination of local and global causes. Over 40% of the recent coral loss on Australia’s Great Barrier Reef (GBR) has been attributed to outbreaks of the coral-eating Crown-of-Thorns Seastar (CoTS).\n\n\n\n\n- [CROWN-OF-THORNS STARFISH](https://www.barrierreef.org/the-reef/threats/Crown-of-thorns%20starfish)\nYou can learn facts of COTS from this site.  \n\n\n\n- [Coral-eating starfish threaten Great Barrier Reef](https://www.newscientist.com/article/2258714-coral-eating-starfish-threaten-great-barrier-reef/)\n> Along with climate change, one of the biggest threats to the Great Barrier Reef is the crown-of-thorns starfish, a voracious coral predator that can grow to one metre in length and weigh up to 50 kilograms. In the 30 years leading up to 2012, coral cover shrunk by 50 per cent and crown-of-thorns were responsible for around half that loss.",
      "votes": 4
    }
  ],
  "comments": [],
  "raw_markdown_by_id": {
    "1597406": "I may have seen starfish several times in Aquarium(I don't reallly remenber...)\nAnd I am neither an oceanographer nor a biologist, so I do not know starfish biologically (ofcourse Crown-of-thorns starfish.)\nFor just curiosity, I surveyed Crown-of-thorns starfish.\n\nA primary interest for most kagglers (including me) may be its appearance.\nSo I prepared the summary. For more details, see [Wikipedia site](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crown-of-thorns_starfish).\n\n### Appearance\n- a central disk and radiating arms\n- normally range in size from 25 to 35 cm (10 to 14 in)*\n- up to 21 arms\n- be able to bend and twist\n- purple, purple-blue, reddish grey or brown with red spine tips, or green with yellow spine tips(it depends on diet or geographic region).\n- a crown-like shape\n\nNote. According to [the article](https://www.newscientist.com/article/2258714-coral-eating-starfish-threaten-great-barrier-reef/) it can reach **one metre in length and weigh up to 50 kilograms**.\n\n### Other information\n\nFor more about this environmental problem, you can get the information from below resources.\nI have never concerned about this topic, so I was surprised at this situation.\n\n- [The Impact of Sea Surface Temperature on Outbreaks of Acanthaster planci on the Great Barrier Reef](https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/148359664.pdf)\n> If the water temperature continues to increase, *A.planci* will more often be living within their optimal temperature range and will be more successful, continue to have major outbreaks that devastate the reef ecosystem, and eventually destroy it all together. \n\nNote. *A.planci* is the family of Crown-of-thorns starfish.\n\n\n\n- [Outbreak of coral-eating Crown-of-Thorns creates continuous cloud of larvae over 320 km of the Great Barrier Reef](https://www.nature.com/articles/srep16885)\n> Coral reefs are in decline worldwide due to a combination of local and global causes. Over 40% of the recent coral loss on Australia’s Great Barrier Reef (GBR) has been attributed to outbreaks of the coral-eating Crown-of-Thorns Seastar (CoTS).\n\n\n\n\n- [CROWN-OF-THORNS STARFISH](https://www.barrierreef.org/the-reef/threats/Crown-of-thorns%20starfish)\nYou can learn facts of COTS from this site.  \n\n\n\n- [Coral-eating starfish threaten Great Barrier Reef](https://www.newscientist.com/article/2258714-coral-eating-starfish-threaten-great-barrier-reef/)\n> Along with climate change, one of the biggest threats to the Great Barrier Reef is the crown-of-thorns starfish, a voracious coral predator that can grow to one metre in length and weigh up to 50 kilograms. In the 30 years leading up to 2012, coral cover shrunk by 50 per cent and crown-of-thorns were responsible for around half that loss."
  }
}